Facet Joint Injections

What are Facet Joints?

The facet joints are located on each level of the posterior aspect of the spine, with one located on each side. They can be found in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine. The facet joints are synovial joints which have articular cartilage that covers the ends of the bones. Articular cartilage has a smooth and shiny surface allowing the ends of the bones to slide freely over each other. In addition, the facet joint is surrounded by a protective sleeve of soft tissue called a capsule, and is lubricated by synovial fluid. Each joint can be a source of pain if irritated or inflamed.

The facet joint injection procedure consists of placement of an anesthetic and anti-inflammatory (steroid) solution. The purpose of this injection is to decrease inflammation and irritation caused by the joints, thereby reducing spinal pain. The procedure may be repeated periodically, if necessary, and is an important part of treating such conditions as chronic spine arthritis, degenerative disc disease and facet syndrome. It can be performed in the cervical, thoracic or lumbar regions. All procedures are done under fluoroscopic guidance (X-ray guided) to ensure proper placement of the medication and may be performed in an ambulatory surgical center, fluoroscopy suite or hospital setting.

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